Công hữu về tư liệu sản xuất là gì? Công hữu là gì?

What is public ownership?

Public ownership is the common ownership right of everyone, socialist public ownership is public ownership of the means of production – the basis of socialist production relations.

The political nature of the socialist society that Vietnam builds is a society of the people, by the people, for the people, and the power belongs to the people. The Party’s lines, policies, laws and activities of the State are all for the benefit of the people, taking the people’s happiness as a goal to strive for.

What is public ownership?

The socialist public ownership system is the ownership regime including the totality of legal norms regulating the socialist ownership of the means of production, means of subsistence, other means and products. The socialist public ownership is the public ownership of the means of production – the basis of socialist production relations.

The emergence of the public ownership regime, besides the positive aspects, also created many negative points to the social-life at that time.

Public regime in English is Public regime

What is ownership of the means of production?

Public ownership of the means of production is the ownership regime that includes the totality of legal regulations on socialist ownership of the means of production, means of subsistence, other means and products.

The capitalist political system has an economic basis as the capitalist private property regime. The construction and development of public property is not by restricting or eliminating the types of non-public property in order for public property to hold a unique position.

Even in the transitional period, we tried many times that therapy, but it was not successful. It was only when we carried out renovation that we actually recognized the legitimacy of non-public ownership types.

What is private property?

Private property is the private appropriation of certain sections of the class for personal purposes. In the economy, property is often considered as ownership (the right to the proceeds of the property) and control. control resources or goods.

Many economists argue that property rights need to be fixed and that relationships between other parties need to be expressed to be more effective.

Reasons for the formation of private property:

– In primitive society, justice and equality are the “golden rule” because at this time there is no excess product.

– In the metal age, the wealth produced was not mastered to feed people, but there was also excess.

– Those in positions of authority have appropriated the surplus to turn it into their own. So private property began to appear, community relations were broken.

– The family also changes: Men do the hard work and take the role of head of the family, children follow the father’s surname from which the patriarchal family appears.

– The working capacity of different families has further promoted the distinction between rich and poor. The rich, the poor, the powerful, the dependent appeared. From then on, society began to divide into classes.

However, it has also created an impact to promote economic development, people compete with each other and thereby help life become more diversified and developed.

The problem of public ownership in a socialist economy

The socialist-oriented market economy and the socialist market economy both have the common feature of taking public ownership as the foundation. All official documents of our Party and State confirm this.

This is a serious problem that cannot be arbitrarily resolved by subjective will. It should be seen that the socio-political regime determines the nature of the economic regime. The capitalist political system has an economic basis as the capitalist private property regime. The socialist political system is based on public ownership. That determination is realized through the conscious activity of people, first of all of the ruling class.

At present, we cannot say much and specifically about socialism that has been built on all aspects, including the issue of ownership. Because, according to new thinking, in theory as well as in practice, there has never been a built socialism in the world. If anyone offers a commentary on this topic, it’s usually heavily methodological or opinionated. Moreover, this stage is far from us, while practice and theory have changed much. How long the transition to socialism will last, seventy years or more, no one can predict, but it is certainly long.

In human history, there has never been and nowhere has there been a pure ownership regime. Although the dominant production relations have changed, the “off-season” relations of production (including ownership relations), as C. Marx said, persisted throughout all economic forms. socio-economic. Those relations of production, though small compared with the dominant production relations, still play a certain role in the economy.

Does socialism also have to follow that general rule, without exception. The view that the end of the transition to socialism is the end of multi-ownership, leaving only pure public ownership is the voluntaristic and illusory point of view. The real economic picture is often much more diverse and richer, because it is life, not molded by rigid and subjective thinking. An economic form is lost only when the productive power it represents has ceased to exist, completely lost its vitality.

Therefore, under socialism, which has been built, multi-ownership still exists. The problem is that the scale and nature of each type of ownership are not the same and much different from the transition period.

Secondly, from the above basic point, it can be seen that in the transition period as well as when socialism has been built, the economy is still multi-owned, despite the position and role of each type of ownership in the two periods is not exactly the same. The public ownership component exists and develops in that multi-ownership regime.

That said, it also means that building and developing public property is not by limiting or eliminating the types of private ownership in order for public property to hold a unique position. Even in the transitional period, we tried many times that therapy, but it was not successful. It was only when we carried out renovation that we actually recognized the legitimacy of non-public ownership types.

Even in the period when socialism has been built, we will still implement the policy consistently: creating conditions for public and non-public property members to be equal before the law, to compete fairly and legally. cooperate with each other for mutual development, for the benefit of themselves and the whole economy. Fight against all stigma and discrimination among sectors, adhere to the principle that property types and economic sectors are important parts of the national economy.

Public property, typically the state economy, plays a pivotal role and is the backbone of the economy, orienting and leading other types of property to develop along the socialist trajectory by means of laws and regulations. policies of the State, by means of the levers of the state economy such as capital investment, credit lending, equipment and high technology supply, ordering, product consumption, association, joint venture production, business…

In order to do so, public-owned economic units must be strong companies, corporations, corporations, possessing high technology, have stable finances, and do business with productivity, quality, efficiency, and self-control. owner and able to participate in international economic integration, with competitive strength to survive and develop.

In short, the difference between the transitional period and the period when socialism has been completed in terms of production relations is not whether non-public ownership types exist, but in the existence of non-public ownership. growth of the public economy and its economic influence (in practice, but not in theory) over the non-public sector and the economy as a whole.

Third, the Party’s program in 1991 stated a number of features of socialism when it was completed: having a modern productive force based on public ownership of the main means of production.

Fourth, the socialist economy, once built, is characterized by a variety of mixed ownership types, the most important of which is state capital ownership. According to VI Lenin, state capital is essentially three-quarters of socialism. In our country at present, this process is in its infancy, mainly with foreign capital. In the coming time, domestic private capital, including large capital, will appear more and more. In order not to fall into the path of spontaneity and prevent capitalist development, the majority of private capital must be directed to the road of state capital in various forms.

Fifth, let’s try to imagine the existence and development of property types at the end of the transition to socialism. Here, what we can do is to show the qualitative side of the types of ownership, but in terms of quantity, it is not possible to define specifically.

Public ownership of the means of production in Vietnam

Public ownership in our country is not a fiction but an economic entity, formed by nationalizing the economic bases of the old regime and gradually building new ones. .

It grows gradually from small to large, from low to high, growing stronger and more complete. The ownership regime is a very complex and important issue, affecting the entire economic development and social progress of our country.

The socialist political system is based on public ownership. That determination is realized through the conscious activity of people, first of all of the ruling class.

– After the National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam ratified the Constitution on November 9, 1946, the basic principles on the rights and obligations of citizens, regulations on property, etc., were officially approved. record.

The 1946 Constitution created a legal basis and since then the right to own private property of citizens has become a constitutional right. To accomplish that task, our State has implemented a series of adaptation measures and issued many legal documents to transfer important means of production into the hands of the State.

– On November 28, 2013, at its 6th session, the 13th National Assembly approved the 2013 Constitution. The content of the 2013 Constitution affirms:

“Vietnam’s economy is a socialist-oriented market economy with many forms of ownership… all economic sectors are important components of the national economy. Entities of all economic sectors are equal, cooperate and compete according to the law” (Article 51).

Continuing to develop a diversified and multi-sector economy, the 2013 Constitution clearly shows the orientation to build an independent and self-reliant economy, bringing into play the internal resources of different sectors. This is a sustainable legal foundation to create conditions for property relations to be developed on the basis of respect for equality and progress.

********************

Posted by: Le Hong Phong High School

Category: General

Copyright of the article belongs to Le Hong Phong High School. Any copying is fraud!

Shared source: